The recent cyclone in Chennai, Vardha last December,
uprooted 100 year old trees and turned green Chennai to a sad brown town.
Unless each of us makes an effort to replace these portable oxygen factories,
Chennai and its environment will suffer a shortage of rain and shade.
Forests cover 1/3 of the earth’s surface. They sustain 1.6
billion people as a source of livelihood. More than 80% of all creatures,
animals, plants and insects live in these forests. Yet 13 million hectares of
forest are destroyed every year and account for 20% of the global green house gas
emissions.
The World Bank’s starting point now is to ask how can
practices that have often led to significant forest degradation, tax evasion
and corruption, be reformed, so that forests contribute more revenue to the State,
produce more and better jobs, and result in more sustainable development?
Forests are critical for the planet’s supply of water
through rain. Their roots protect ground water supply while preventing soil
erosion. Forest watersheds and wetlands supply 75% of the world’s fresh water
supplying, one third of our cities drinking water. Forests act as natural water
filters.
Manoel Sobral Filho, Director of the UN Forum for Forests,
speaks of massive growth of populations in Africa and Asia reaching 8.4billion
people in 15 years. Some of the world’s largest cities depend on our forest
water resources: Durban, Jakarta, Rio De Janeiro, Bogota, New York and Madrid. 75%
of all fresh water is provided through forest catchments. Over 42% of the world’s workforces are heavily
water dependent. Forests are a natural safety net during famine providing
fruits, leaves, grains, nuts, timber and wood.
After the devastating floods on the Yangtze river in China,
reforestation using economically productive trees like chestnut, ginko and
bamboo, helped boost average annual income by 150% between 1998 and 2014. In
Ethiopia’s Great Rift Valley, forest co-operatives were used to encourage
natural regeneration by limiting wood, charcoal and fodder extraction. This
improved water availability for 65000 people. Physical and financial security
of communities can be greatly enhanced by growing more trees and regenerating
forests. In Liberia, timber was once used to buy weapons and fuel. Today forest
co-operatives have changed everything.
So every year, plan to plant one tree a month in a
protected area in your house, in a school or a community centre. Take your own
steps to preserve water and planet earth.
Dr.
Rekha Shetty
Water
Warrior